A heater core is much like a small radiator. Coolant is circulated through it from the water pump and it has fins to increase the surface area and shed heat more efficiently. The heater core is located in the HVAC box (which stands for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), which is typically located on the firewall in the vehicle’s passenger compartment. In order to gain access to the heater core the box typically needs to be disassembled, which in many cases involves the complicated job of removing the dash. In most cases, it’s an all-day job, at least.
Signs that a heater core needs replaced are:
- Coolant loss, often from the HVAC drain around the firewall area.
- The smell of coolant in the cabin, and sometimes greasy-feeling mist on the lower windshield from the defrost vents.
- No heat from the vents, if the heater core is blocked. To rule out temperature blend door issues, which can cause the same problem, usually, the heater hose temperatures are checked. If coolant is flowing through both hoses will be the same temperature and hot.
Costs of Heater Core Replacement
On average it costs about $800 to replace the heater core in most vehicles.
For some more specific estimates of the cost of heater core replacement, using $100 an hour as a labor rate and adding in the cost of a couple of gallons of coolant:
For a 2003 Honda Civic with a 1.7-liter engine, the labor time to replace the heater core is 7.3 hours. A factory heater core costs about $341, or a UAC part costs about $65. This makes the job about $1081 using OE parts, or about $815 using aftermarket parts.
For A 2006 Ford Fusion with a 3.0-liter engine, the labor time to replace the heater core is 5.6 hours. A factory heater core costs about $169, or a Spectra Premium part costs about $67. This makes the job about $749 using OE parts, or about $647 using aftermarket parts.
For a 2009 Nissan Frontier four-wheel drive, the labor time to replace the heater core is 6.6 hours. A factory heater core costs about $348, or a GPD part costs about $87. This makes the job about $1028 using factory parts, or about $767 using aftermarket parts.
For a 2002 Dodge Intrepid with a 2.7-liter engine, the labor time to replace the heater core is 5.8 hours. A factory heater core costs about $167, or a UAC part costs about $68. This makes the job about $767 using OE parts, or about $668 using aftermarket parts.
What Goes Wrong with Heater Cores
The most common cause for replacement is a heater core leak. They are necessarily made out of thin metal to transmit heat most effectively, and they can be delicate. Vibrations or physical handling can cause a heater core to crack and leak, or they can also leak from corrosion. Their location in the vehicle is pretty well protected from external corrosives, but if the fluid in the cooling system is aged or contaminated they can corrode internally. The thinness of the metal can make the heater core the first thing to leak in that case.
Another reason to replace the heater core is if the core becomes plugged. In most cases a plugged heater core can be flushed. It only takes a little bit of obstruction to reduce coolant flow to the point that the heater doesn’t work, and the procedure then is usually to pull the heater hoses and flush clean water through the core back and forth until it runs clean and freely. That doesn’t always work though, and then replacement is the next step.
Clogs can happen because the fluid is old or contaminated, or sometimes they can be caused by stop-leak products, which can clog small passages in the radiator and heater core. Another issue is that some different types of coolant are incompatible; when mixed, some combinations can congeal to a thick gel that is very difficult to clear from fine coolant passages. In that case, the heater core is one of the first parts affected, and it is usually replaced.
FAQ
The main way is to service the coolant according to the schedule in the owner’s manual, and to make sure that nothing but the correct fluid is added to the cooling system. If water must be added most manufacturer’s recommend using distilled water rather than tap water.
Yes, though that’s more or less a problem depending on the weather. The heater hoses can be blocked off the isolate a leaking heater core. But there will be no heat or defrost functions in the vehicle then.
In most cases it’s close to an all day job, sometimes even involving disassembling and removing the dash.